Chronic Kidney Disease
What is chronic kidney disease?
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an enduring and gradual ailment marked by the progressive decline of kidney efficiency as time passes. With her wealth of experience in nephrology, Dr Nontembiso Mhlana comprehends the gravity of CKD as a significant health issue, capable of culminating in kidney failure if not adequately addressed.
The kidneys hold a pivotal responsibility in straining waste materials, surplus fluids, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. When the kidneys function suboptimally, these vital roles are compromised, resulting in the accumulation of toxins and fluids within the body.
What are the symptoms of chronic kidney disease?
Dr Mhlana recognises that CKD often progresses silently in its early stages, with symptoms becoming more noticeable as the disease advances. Some common symptoms of CKD include fatigue, swelling in the ankles and feet caused by fluid retention, frequent urination, especially at night, difficulty concentrating, loss of appetite, muscle cramps, and persistent itching. As a nephrologist, Dr Mhlana emphasises the importance of regular check-ups for those at risk, including individuals with diabetes, high blood pressure, and a family history of kidney disease, to detect and manage CKD in its early stages.
How do you treat chronic kidney disease?
In her expertise as a nephrologist, Dr Mhlana understands that the treatment approach for CKD aims to slow down its progression, manage symptoms, and prevent complications. The treatment plan often includes dietary adjustments to manage blood pressure or blood sugar and maintain a healthy weight. Monitoring and managing protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intake are vital components.
Dr Mhlana also highlights the significance of controlling underlying conditions like diabetes and hypertension, as uncontrolled blood sugar and high blood pressure can exacerbate kidney damage. Depending on the stage of CKD, medications to regulate blood pressure, control blood sugar, and manage related complications may be prescribed.
In cases of advanced CKD, when kidney function is significantly impaired, Dr Mhlana knows that dialysis or kidney transplantation may become necessary. Dialysis involves using a machine to filter and remove waste products from the blood, mimicking the role of healthy kidneys. Kidney transplantation offers the best chance for long-term improvement, though finding a suitable donor and post-transplant care are crucial considerations.
